详解Asp.net Core 使用Redis存储Session

前言

Asp.net Core 改变了之前的封闭，现在开源且开放，下面我们来用Redis存储Session来做一个简单的测试，或者叫做中间件（middleware）。

对于Session来说褒贬不一，很多人直接说不要用，也有很多人在用，这个也没有绝对的这义，个人认为只要不影什么且又可以方便实现的东西是可以用的，现在不对可不可用做表态，我们只关心实现。

类库引用

这个相对于之前的.net是方便了不少，需要在project.json中的dependencies节点中添加如下内容：

  "StackExchange.Redis": "1.1.604-alpha","Microsoft.AspNetCore.Session": "1.1.0-alpha1-21694"

Redis实现

这里并非我实现，而是借用不知道为什么之前还有这个类库，而现在NUGET止没有了，为了不影响日后升级我的命名空间也用 Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Redis

可以看到微软这里有四个类，其实我们只需要三个，第四个拿过来反而会出错：

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Distributed;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using StackExchange.Redis;

namespace Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Redis
{
  public class RedisCache : IDistributedCache,IDisposable
  {
    // KEYS[1] = = key
    // ARGV[1] = absolute-expiration - ticks as long (-1 for none)
    // ARGV[2] = sliding-expiration - ticks as long (-1 for none)
    // ARGV[3] = relative-expiration (long,in seconds,-1 for none) - Min(absolute-expiration - Now,sliding-expiration)
    // ARGV[4] = data - byte[]
    // this order should not change LUA script depends on it
    private const string SetScript = (@"
        redis.call('HMSET',KEYS[1],'absexp',ARGV[1],'sldexp',ARGV[2],'data',ARGV[4])
        if ARGV[3] ~= '-1' then
         redis.call('EXPIRE',ARGV[3])
        end
        return 1");
    private const string AbsoluteExpirationKey = "absexp";
    private const string SlidingExpirationKey = "sldexp";
    private const string DataKey = "data";
    private const long NotPresent = -1;

    private ConnectionMultiplexer _connection;
    private IDatabase _cache;

    private readonly RedisCacheOptions _options;
    private readonly string _instance;

    public RedisCache(IOptions<RedisCacheOptions> optionsAccessor)
    {
      if (optionsAccessor == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(optionsAccessor));
      }

      _options = optionsAccessor.Value;

      // This allows partitioning a single backend cache for use with multiple apps/services.
      _instance = _options.InstanceName ?? string.Empty;
    }

    public byte[] Get(string key)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      return GetAndRefresh(key,getData: true);
    }

    public async Task<byte[]> GetAsync(string key)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      return await GetAndRefreshAsync(key,getData: true);
    }

    public void Set(string key,byte[] value,DistributedCacheEntryOptions options)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      if (value == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(value));
      }

      if (options == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(options));
      }

      Connect();

      var creationTime = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow;

      var absoluteExpiration = GetAbsoluteExpiration(creationTime,options);

      var result = _cache.ScriptEvaluate(SetScript,new RedisKey[] { _instance + key },new RedisValue[]
        {
            absoluteExpiration?.Ticks ?? NotPresent,options.SlidingExpiration?.Ticks ?? NotPresent,GetExpirationInSeconds(creationTime,absoluteExpiration,options) ?? NotPresent,value
        });
    }

    public async Task SetAsync(string key,DistributedCacheEntryOptions options)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      if (value == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(value));
      }

      if (options == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(options));
      }

      await ConnectAsync();

      var creationTime = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow;

      var absoluteExpiration = GetAbsoluteExpiration(creationTime,options);

      await _cache.ScriptEvaluateAsync(SetScript,value
        });
    }

    public void Refresh(string key)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      GetAndRefresh(key,getData: false);
    }

    public async Task RefreshAsync(string key)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      await GetAndRefreshAsync(key,getData: false);
    }

    private void Connect()
    {
      if (_connection == null)
      {
        _connection = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(_options.Configuration);
        _cache = _connection.GetDatabase();
      }
    }

    private async Task ConnectAsync()
    {
      if (_connection == null)
      {
        _connection = await ConnectionMultiplexer.ConnectAsync(_options.Configuration);
        _cache = _connection.GetDatabase();
      }
    }

    private byte[] GetAndRefresh(string key,bool getData)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      Connect();

      // This also resets the LRU status as desired.
      // TODO: Can this be done in one operation on the server side? Probably,the trick would just be the DateTimeOffset math.
      RedisValue[] results;
      if (getData)
      {
        results = _cache.HashMemberGet(_instance + key,AbsoluteExpirationKey,SlidingExpirationKey,DataKey);
      }
      else
      {
        results = _cache.HashMemberGet(_instance + key,SlidingExpirationKey);
      }

      // TODO: Error handling
      if (results.Length >= 2)
      {
        // Note we always get back two results,even if they are all null.
        // These operations will no-op in the null scenario.
        DateTimeOffset? absExpr;
        TimeSpan? sldExpr;
        MapMetadata(results,out absExpr,out sldExpr);
        Refresh(key,absExpr,sldExpr);
      }

      if (results.Length >= 3 && results[2].HasValue)
      {
        return results[2];
      }

      return null;
    }

    private async Task<byte[]> GetAndRefreshAsync(string key,bool getData)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      await ConnectAsync();

      // This also resets the LRU status as desired.
      // TODO: Can this be done in one operation on the server side? Probably,the trick would just be the DateTimeOffset math.
      RedisValue[] results;
      if (getData)
      {
        results = await _cache.HashMemberGetAsync(_instance + key,DataKey);
      }
      else
      {
        results = await _cache.HashMemberGetAsync(_instance + key,out sldExpr);
        await RefreshAsync(key,sldExpr);
      }

      if (results.Length >= 3 && results[2].HasValue)
      {
        return results[2];
      }

      return null;
    }

    public void Remove(string key)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      Connect();

      _cache.KeyDelete(_instance + key);
      // TODO: Error handling
    }

    public async Task RemoveAsync(string key)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      await ConnectAsync();

      await _cache.KeyDeleteAsync(_instance + key);
      // TODO: Error handling
    }

    private void MapMetadata(RedisValue[] results,out DateTimeOffset? absoluteExpiration,out TimeSpan? slidingExpiration)
    {
      absoluteExpiration = null;
      slidingExpiration = null;
      var absoluteExpirationTicks = (long?)results[0];
      if (absoluteExpirationTicks.HasValue && absoluteExpirationTicks.Value != NotPresent)
      {
        absoluteExpiration = new DateTimeOffset(absoluteExpirationTicks.Value,TimeSpan.Zero);
      }
      var slidingExpirationTicks = (long?)results[1];
      if (slidingExpirationTicks.HasValue && slidingExpirationTicks.Value != NotPresent)
      {
        slidingExpiration = new TimeSpan(slidingExpirationTicks.Value);
      }
    }

    private void Refresh(string key,DateTimeOffset? absExpr,TimeSpan? sldExpr)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      // Note Refresh has no effect if there is just an absolute expiration (or neither).
      TimeSpan? expr = null;
      if (sldExpr.HasValue)
      {
        if (absExpr.HasValue)
        {
          var relExpr = absExpr.Value - DateTimeOffset.Now;
          expr = relExpr <= sldExpr.Value ? relExpr : sldExpr;
        }
        else
        {
          expr = sldExpr;
        }
        _cache.KeyExpire(_instance + key,expr);
        // TODO: Error handling
      }
    }

    private async Task RefreshAsync(string key,TimeSpan? sldExpr)
    {
      if (key == null)
      {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
      }

      // Note Refresh has no effect if there is just an absolute expiration (or neither).
      TimeSpan? expr = null;
      if (sldExpr.HasValue)
      {
        if (absExpr.HasValue)
        {
          var relExpr = absExpr.Value - DateTimeOffset.Now;
          expr = relExpr <= sldExpr.Value ? relExpr : sldExpr;
        }
        else
        {
          expr = sldExpr;
        }
        await _cache.KeyExpireAsync(_instance + key,expr);
        // TODO: Error handling
      }
    }

    private static long? GetExpirationInSeconds(DateTimeOffset creationTime,DateTimeOffset? absoluteExpiration,DistributedCacheEntryOptions options)
    {
      if (absoluteExpiration.HasValue && options.SlidingExpiration.HasValue)
      {
        return (long)Math.Min(
          (absoluteExpiration.Value - creationTime).TotalSeconds,options.SlidingExpiration.Value.TotalSeconds);
      }
      else if (absoluteExpiration.HasValue)
      {
        return (long)(absoluteExpiration.Value - creationTime).TotalSeconds;
      }
      else if (options.SlidingExpiration.HasValue)
      {
        return (long)options.SlidingExpiration.Value.TotalSeconds;
      }
      return null;
    }

    private static DateTimeOffset? GetAbsoluteExpiration(DateTimeOffset creationTime,DistributedCacheEntryOptions options)
    {
      if (options.AbsoluteExpiration.HasValue && options.AbsoluteExpiration <= creationTime)
      {
        throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(
          nameof(DistributedCacheEntryOptions.AbsoluteExpiration),options.AbsoluteExpiration.Value,"The absolute expiration value must be in the future.");
      }
      var absoluteExpiration = options.AbsoluteExpiration;
      if (options.AbsoluteExpirationRelativeToNow.HasValue)
      {
        absoluteExpiration = creationTime + options.AbsoluteExpirationRelativeToNow;
      }

      return absoluteExpiration;
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
      if (_connection != null)
      {
        _connection.Close();
      }
    }
  }
}

using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;

namespace Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Redis
{
  /// <summary>
  /// Configuration options for <see cref="RedisCache"/>.
  /// </summary>
  public class RedisCacheOptions : IOptions<RedisCacheOptions>
  {
    /// <summary>
    /// The configuration used to connect to Redis.
    /// </summary>
    public string Configuration { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// The Redis instance name.
    /// </summary>
    public string InstanceName { get; set; }

    RedisCacheOptions IOptions<RedisCacheOptions>.Value
    {
      get { return this; }
    }
  }
}

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using StackExchange.Redis;

namespace Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Redis
{
  internal static class RedisExtensions
  {
    private const string HmGetScript = (@"return redis.call('HMGET',unpack(ARGV))");

    internal static RedisValue[] HashMemberGet(this IDatabase cache,string key,params string[] members)
    {
      var result = cache.ScriptEvaluate(
        HmGetScript,new RedisKey[] { key },GetRedisMembers(members));

      // TODO: Error checking?
      return (RedisValue[])result;
    }

    internal static async Task<RedisValue[]> HashMemberGetAsync(
      this IDatabase cache,params string[] members)
    {
      var result = await cache.ScriptEvaluateAsync(
        HmGetScript,GetRedisMembers(members));

      // TODO: Error checking?
      return (RedisValue[])result;
    }

    private static RedisValue[] GetRedisMembers(params string[] members)
    {
      var redisMembers = new RedisValue[members.Length];
      for (int i = 0; i < members.Length; i++)
      {
        redisMembers[i] = (RedisValue)members[i];
      }

      return redisMembers;
    }
  }
}

配置启用Session

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